BASIC COMPUTER COMPONENTS

Hardware:
By the computer, electronic and mechanical parts that make up the parts on the main lines can be grouped under the general ismidir.Bilgisayarı ..INPUT UNITS-Keyboard-Mouse-ScannerPROCESSING UNITS-Memory and data storage units-Ram-Rom-FDD-HDDOUTPUT UNITS-Printers-Audio output-Screen (the screen also can be used as input units)-Communication Units-Modems-Ethernet cards-Connection cables and downs of these cablesAlthough this hardware to display the infinite potential of computers is actually based on two electrical situation, open and closed. Computers üretir.Bir digits and letters combination of these two situations the physical capabilities of computers, electrical status is expressed as a bit. Bits in English "binary digit", binary digits, stands for the word.Bits may be easier for computers, but people are accustomed to decimal numbers and letters, the letters and numbers to be converted to bits by computers decipher the methods of transformation is possible with durumdadırlar.BuWhen we need to know to set up a computer to include general information
Safe-Keyboard-Mouse-Screens-Motherboards-Microprocessors-Graphics Cards-Memory-Hard Drives-Floppy and floppy disk drives
CASE: computer boxes ouşturan cards, the central processor (CPU), RAMs and other expansion cards to protect against electrostatic damage in the host and the physical boxes.
When a case to be considered:Electrical insulation should be well made.Cash should not be prevented from including the new cards on our system.
One of the case within the required equipment is outPower supply (power supply)Electrical cable (power cable)Expansion slot coversMotherboard mounting pinsScrews of various sizesPlastic Lockers feet
KEYBOARD:Physically similar to a typewriter keypad entry birimidir.Klavyeler klavyePC'lerde each country the most widely used language with some differences between countries, according to the structure and spelling rules are used bilirler.Ülkemizde Qve F keyboards.
Keyboard selection:The first issue to be considered when choosing the keyboard, first decide what type of keyboard kullanacağımıza vermektir.Bundan win 95-98 after the first thing you can use an ergonomic keyboard designed for win 95 -98 seçmektir.Eğer keyboards carrying the logo instead.
MOUSE:Mouse the mouse to enter data such as the keyboard is a standard hardware device.Mice according to the study;Mechanical mice-Optical mouse is divided into twospeed up the mouse to work in all programs in a hardware environment aygıtıdır.Örnegin windows are made of all transactions with the mouse.
Mechanical mice:Almost all of the computers used mechanical farelerdir mice. This type of ball is included in mice of the ball when his motion sensor inside the mouse ball friction rollers by the mouse cursor on the screen izlenir.Böylece toptaki moves up to the amount of play acting.That detect the movement of the mouse left and right movement of the other monitors the movement of reels biriyukarı down between the rollers move the arrow on the screen by turning off the light of changes in the mechanical movement of the ball belirler.Böylece digital average is defined.
Optical mice:Optical mice work the system does not need the ball a little mouse, gamers farklıdır.Optik mechanical mouse instead of a mouse pad under the special light reflected from the surface of the pad movement konur.Farenin aktarılır.Böylece computer mouse pad with the aid of a computer identifies the position ofUsually produced as a two-button mice or 3üç. A standard approval process right click mouse left key button selection işlemerinde kullanılır.Orta a variety of programs for a variety of programs can be assigned to various tasks.
Display (Monitor):Monitors computer system monitors the outside of the general bileşenleridir.Taşına knows many a TV monitor in appearance benzemektedir.Bir average computer user spends a day in front of the monitor 5saatini. For this reason, used to monitor the user's health is of great importance.However, as a hardware failure on a monitor that monitors giderilemeyecektir.Örneğin by an amateur in the computer system, a problem with the monitor on and off trying to solve a question like that is dangerous and results in a costly venture olacaktır.Bunedenle monitors information technologically oriented than superficially anlatılmış.Kullanıma Monitors operating systems are mainly divided into various types according to size and according to.
Monitor selection:Monitors computer hardware devices that interact using the most. When selecting a screen size of the work we do on purpose and according to the monitor with a resolution of değişir.Büyüklükle an important issue.
Motherboard (Maınboards):Physical building blocks placed on a special alloy as motherboards and chips on the RAM slots, expansion card slots and circuits operating system organized in a square plate plakadır.Bu eder.Bu chip sets that thanks to the organization is on the motherboard.

Motherboard data paths:486-PIII PCs serial data paths between the very large changes in the olmuştur.486's on the bus as the bus is used for longer kullanılmamaktadır.486 ISA_VESA 's Pentium PCI bus on the last jenarasyonları çalıştılarPCI-VESA bus is faster than the ISA bus. Thanks to the rapid expansion of the system control cards and graphic interfaces to provide earnings much more performance by adding speed açmıştır.Bununla not satisfied with the speed of the human son no longer uses AGP bus slot and one ISA yaklaşıkbir series katmıştır.PII average speed data transverine PCIve the one, five one AGP slot is used.
Motherboards selection:Ideally, a motherboard, ISA, PCI, AGP bus slots slot slot-socket support gerekir.İşlemci have to choose one of the most mantıklısıdır but more advantageous slot in the slot because it has support for emerging technologies. Now, even if the cards are designed by either PCI or AGP slot.
MİCROİŞLEMCİLER:Central Processing Unit (CPU), ie the computer's central processing unit is managed by the brain and denetilir.Merkezi beynidir.Bilgisayarın all the hardware elements of this processor's (computer oparatörü), through a software (like DOS, an operating system) commands in comments reported by the user carries out the orders.
DISPLAY CARDS: Graphics cards, graphics cards, PC MONITORS another with the name and post all kinds of graphic (including images and movies in various formats) creation of working between the processor and monitor adaptörlerdir.Ekran PCIve AGP cards in the ISA-AGP slot'unu destekliyen üretilmiştir.artık position. Emerging tech 'emphasizes the AGP graphics cards.
Video card selection:When a new computer or replace the existing screen kartımızı (upgrade) issues we need to note that we want to change your vardır.Bunlar; motherboards like that I wonder yolu'mu destekliyormu existing data, the card type and capacity of RAM if you can fit ambitions, I want to achieve desdeklermi color and resolution. .... etc.
Memory (Memories):After the central processor hardware system performance Bilgisayarrımızda of the most important element in our system we use for speed and performance in the use of memory tipidirBellek önemlidir.Mikro processor slows down to work very fast, although it is not enough memory.From inadequate programs, speed of the memory card to a large extent yavaşlatmaktadır.Ekran even affect the image signals.
Memory to be considered when purchasing:Increase the capacity of the easiest ways to improve the performance of RAM Bilgisayarrımızın biridir.Ama some things we need to be careful when RAM var.Birisi support our computers that we need to know what kind of ram. The other thing is how many mhz should learn to support or at any time gelebiliriz.RAM fiasco faced with SD slots and EDO and EDO RAM banklarından oluşmaktadır.bazı hemde SD RAM, motherboards and systems, small errors become desdekler.İkisini mesala hosts multiple boards and computers that support INITIALLY ram edo ram sd ram hemde counting process counts the RAM wrong. anakart'da Solution s one I should use the ram slots.Bird use when buying a memory that we need to know the memory required to get full efficiency programs. Most people suffer from the problem computer is running slowly is that the processor and RAM is insufficient.
HARD DISK:Hard Disk pane of the most important element in an isolated dust disks disklerdir.Bu 3600 and higher speed motor to a rotating motor shaft baglıdır.Sabit dönderen another hard disk drives in Disk and reader in the printer returns to the arms between the heads bulunur.Disklerin installed on.This material disks of aluminum, magnesium component of Aluminium on the intermediate layer of nickel and fosfordanbir eklenmiştir.Bu edilebilir.50 magnetized on the structure and 100 nanometers, the thickness of the magnetic layer that protects eklenir.Son Ferro-magnetic layer is coated a thin film. According to hard drive capacity has taken place in the market.
Hard selection:Ideally, a hard disk, capacity more, read speed is high, the host is the maximum speed of access to information.Because of mechanical parts using a computer hard disc must be well sabitlememiz sistemdir.Sarsıntılarda more precise reading of the head may be damaged. Undesirable results may occur Harddisk'imizde mesala me read, or even worse, a very bad voice work (bad, bad) the occurrence of the sector .. etc.
FLOPPY DRIVES:Floppy disks or diskettes as common varieties according to the types of physical and data storage capacities are. According to the physical structures of 3.5 "and 5.25" (use has not gone entirely), he leaves.Type Capacities3.5 "1.44MB 2.8MB 720 KB5.25 "360 KB 1.2 MB --------
CD-ROM AND DRIVERS:CD-ROM (Read Only Memory compac disc / compact disc read-only memory) drives simply need to define the plastic core, designed for high-capacity CDs donamlardır read.Written in different formats, a CD-ROM drive setlerimizdeki listen to music CDs, data CDs okuyabilir.Örneğin CDs and CD-I format, such as CDs Sinama.
Cd-rom selection:That day, we should prefer the high-speed CD-ROM.CD-ROMs on the front panel headphone output volume adjustment and that there should be.
Physical structure of the CD-ROM:As the physical structure of a CD is a simple process of pressing on the plastic disc with a small plastic disktir.Bu basic pits (Pits) is a pattern of pure plastic layer data layer still protects işlenir.Ayrıca. These plastic sizes of 80mm compact discs 120 mmve bulunur.Bunlar üretilir.CD-ROM drives the rear panel connection units;

   1. Sound card connector
   2. Jumper settings
   3. IDE interface connection slots
   4. Electrical connection slot
Modems:Since personal computers came into our lives many of us realize her dream of communication between computers and so far we have seen many films in recent years, the Internet is high teknolojirüyası entry into our lives the truth that all these factors at the beginning of dönüştü.Tabi earnings developments in the modem and the snow is no longer a standard PC is that part.
Physical structure of modems:Modems physically as simple to explain the working principle of two ayrılır.Modemlerin adaptörlerdir.Uzun çalışacağım.Modemler computers that allows communication between the distances, for example between cities or nations from the wired connection in place or private leased lines or telephone lines, we know it creates a modem building block of communication alırlar.Bu . Two of communication between the modem receives digital information from computers şöyledir.Modem simply 0 and 1 is composed of information that converts analog signals.The phone lines are analog signals, the computer's modem again, the digital signals to analog signals iletirler.İletilen çevrilir.Böylece information exchange can be ensured.
Modem speed:Bps modem speed is indicated by the term. Here, such as 33600 bps, 33,600 bps (bits per second) the amount of bits transmitted per second belirtir.Yani modem can transfer 33,600 units oval.Other terms used for speed and changing the signal term describes the status of the boundIn another term cps speed modems ullanılan dir.Caresters second Thurs. In other words, the number of characters transferred per second.
FACTORS AFFECTING DATA Communication:Because you get the modem shows the speed no matter what the manufacturer iletişimizi many factors impossible to arrive at 33,600 bps kılar.Örneğin meters have a top speed.

   1. Line quality of the 33,600 Post Office will never 'luxury connection speed erişmemekte
   2. Against the computer connected to the modem speed of 33,600 from the low, for example, at the speed of 28,800 bps modem connection, such as low olacaktir.Yani 33,600 'luxury even be able to access your modem speed of 28,800 bps.
   3. Or opposing us because of our speed machine kayıbları konfiğrasyonundan.
SETUP password is forgotten:In many settings of the user's computer itself on reading other people's password for the setup to fail of açabilir.Arada sometimes cause problems when we visited the BIOS of the user's password unutabiliriz.Bu has come to many.In this case, with the help of a wire or short circuit the battery setup by the BIOS Setup dolasıyla or Reset Password uçururuz jumperlerini biliriz.Daha again after using the bios' should set u
STANDARD PC MOUNTINGBefore starting the installation of computer hardware during installation will use safe Motherboard elamanlarını var.Bunlar worth noting, Central processor (CPU) and fan, RAM, video card, floppy disk drive, sound card, hard Sisk. Need the following tools during installation duyabiliriz.Bunlar flat and star-tipped screwdriver Tweezers (for jumpers may be required.), The control pen, crow nose.
ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE:Assembly and installation process is to prepare the opening of the first phase of the STASH. Then, before putting the CPU and RAM, motherboard, motherboard, chassis, or on the assembly must.
Installation of the CPU:Cpu socket according to the place of technology in the motherboard slot and would like to explain two ayrılır.ilk ago socket. CPU 't want to care a little place on the ZIF socket ZIF socket next to the task before pulling the lever gently remove the side .. Thus, different from one corner of the ZIF socket to socket oluruz.Zıf kilitini opened. Looking for a corner by a pin of the cpu the same way in two different corners of mutual facing farklıdır.Her locate a CPU. Then download the CPU locks up, we remove the handle instead of the processor oturttuktan.CPU yu after placing the motherboard jumper settings on the motherboard with the cpu does.
CPU fan assembly:ZIF socket for CPU fan mounting hooks on the hook instead of pressing the switch off the fan sit. Electrical connection to the fan plug to the socket from the power unit of the chassis will be provided so that the electric fan. Then the fan slots on the motherboard to the fan outlet to do. Fan assembly after the other in a setting we need to do anakart'da voltage setting.Implement the voltage setting for use in setting the CPU voltage according to the booklet. Voltage setting made the wrong CPU 's to overheat and burn in a short time may cause a voltage settings should be treated with care. Finally, the processor, the processor frequency and processor clock speed multiplier ayarlamalıyız. This process is extremely important to run the cpu of the right and perpormanslı.
Ram Installation:EDO RAM EDO or SD RAM slots before Anakartda olabilir.İlk anakart'ta ram to be inserted in the edge guide anlatalım.RAM s have to be careful when handling, inserting RAM RAM is included in a notch at the edge of a guide hole and guide notch on the motherboard of many Simm slot on the right side gelmektedir.RAM 's about a 45 degree angle, making sure the nock slot Simm locate and click the sound of RAM instead of pushing the upright sitting position after you've seen. S EDO RAM works in pairs on Pentium motherboards gynecological chair must be a ram takılmalıdır.SD two Simm RAM RAM stands consists of three parts of the youth they are different lengths. This does not pose a problem for the placement of the motherboard. Short-feet short of the slots to coincide with the sound of a slight click by printing instead of sitting we will see
Putting the motherboard into the cabinet:Cpu on the motherboard, and cpu fan stuck ramler after making the necessary jumper settings instead of in safe anakartımızı can mount. The issue we need to be very careful when installing the motherboard, chassis motherboard so the motherboard's mounting pins secured to the chassis almamasıdır.Bu After mounting the motherboard on the chassis instead of the screws properly pullayarak (for Isolate) screws.
Motherboard Electrical Connection:Body Style-changing power of two konnektörlüdür.Bunların Larda suply'ler mini tower side by side facing the motherboard connection cables plugged into the black.
Floppy Disk Installation:Before starting to work out of the plastic casing of one of the slots on the floppy disk in the floppy drive, insert into the slot pushes forward.Floppy 'is one of them i have two cables connecting the Motherboard I / O cable that provides electricity and another floppy drive cable. Electricity is a small plug-in that allows the floppy cable power suply'den içindir.Elektirik connection must be installed so that the red wire inside. If the red wire side out and that connection remains connected to the long period of time can burn CPC Computer floppy.Floppy'de I / O cable harddisk'in I / O cable küçüktür.I / O pins facing the No. 1 cable takarkenkırmızı floppy'de strip must be connected in reverse polarity system booted the floppy (floppy disk failure) error verir.Floppy after making the connection Floppy'i safe or screwing constants.
Hard Disk Installation:Our hard disk hard drive slot, place the chassis on both sides of the disc sabitleriz.Sabit screwing hard drives instead of mechanical components göstermeliyiz.Çünkü attention firmly seated in the chassis vibration running and excessive vibrations aygıtlardır.Diskimizi secured the damaged electrical cord and then to an empty port on the end of the disc wear it . (red-edged electric cable will be facing the inner side)The disc is a need to tie in with other cable I / O kablosudur.Sabit disk I / O cable, a floppy disk drive I / O cable is wider on one side and a red ribbon bulunur.I / O cable portion of the end of the red-striped side of the electric cable is attached to the future. wear it on the primary IDE port on the motherboard, the IDE cable to the other end of the process of making it the No. 1 red edge, the port pins to make sure to come to coincide.
CD-ROM Link:CD-ROM drivers on the system in two different interfaces anakartımızın bağlayabiliriz.En widely used interface is one of the IDE interface.IDE interface on the motherboard CD-ROM'umuzun secondary (slave) on the back of the CD-ROM drive when the link bağlamalıyız.Bu as master / slave jumper settings on the secondary as a master to pay attention gerekir.Eğer anakartımızın yöntemdir.CD-introduce a much more efficient ROM is an IDE interface to connect to the second most important advantage of having a higher rate of access to our hard disk drive cable, as I link the slave system will see the Performance dropped.This decline in performance due to the devices connected to the IDE interface on the lower rate from the fast data communications uses.CD-ROM, sound card is an interface on the link to other bağlayabileceğimiz noktalarıdır.ses Standard supports 4 different cards on the interface. They are creative, Mitsumi, Sony and Panasonic includes standards for companies.Another factor affecting the performance of the CD-ROM to the cache on the bellek'tir. CD-ROM of the CD-ROM on the cache memory, the higher the error correction process as deve healthy olur.Bir 256 cd-rom stndart kb cache memory is located.
CD-ROM installation of:Save and open the safe before the electricity connection of the first. Then topraklayalım ourselves. Static electricity our machine at the checkout to an empty drive bay for the largest düşmanıdır.CD ROM seçin.CD-ROM 't screw it into the slot and then pruning should be electric and the IDE interface connector, chassis electrical cables used in one of the electrical connector wear it on CD-ROM Electricity cable and chamfered slot (fracture), the edges must face each other as well. Provision gelmelidir.CD-ROM extension u of the hard disk jumper settings according to the slave position, and it should bağlamalıyız (ayarlamalıyız according to the slave jumper setting) is another option on the motherboard is probably the second IDE interface, can connect with a blank. If you have a second IDE arabirimimiz is empty and can get the best performance from this link.
CD-ROM error correction function:
In theory, the data on a cd rom can not be read until all the errors on the error correction process is as follows yapılmaktadır.Okuyucu düzeltilebilir.Cd head reads the data for analyzing the data to the computer gönderir.böylece milro Fixing the error is corrected in a responsible . The performance of the system microcontroller and drive memories need to work fast sounds.
Video card installation:When installing the new system first before the current screen kartımızı static electricity must be to throw over us, then wear it was installed more than kartımızı kartımıza by way of supporting data, must ensure safe and screw assembly with sıkılamalıyız.
Sound card installation:Sound card installation is a painstaking process that is thought an easier işlemdir.Birazcık still must throw it over us in the first month of static electricity by touching the computer can kasaına. Takacağımız New kartımızı which card to an empty slot before inserting the metal plate connected to the chassis hazırlayın.Slotun bulunduğuyerde sökün.Kartımızın Carefully place the appropriate an empty slot to the bus used, without forcing, and avoiding the use of force, then the chassis screw that secures the card sıkmalıyız (clamping force applied to the screw assembly operations over the screws too sıkmamalıyız.Çünkü açar.Kasayı as soon as possible before closing the system to fail is a time for running . If an error occurs, it would be appropriate to intervene in the case before closing the event.

Installing the swich and LEDs:Cash in the display and keys on the insertion slots on the motherboard connections gerekir.Kasadan the edges of the jobs they are written on them. We'll see these names in the slots on the motherboard.For example, "power LED" power LED cable to the end of the printed text and on the motherboard hemde. Swich and led by mapping parts of the system by running takmalıyız.daha I turn off the case's front panel LEDs do not light one or more of the control etmeliyiz.Ledlerden should check the links again.